多线程的那点儿事(之多线程数据结构)
【 声明:版权所有,欢迎转载,请勿用于商业用途。联系信箱:feixiaoxing @163.com】要想编写多线程,那就要使用锁。而在软件编写中,数据结构是少不了的。所以,我们在编写多线程的时候,就需要考虑一下如何在数据结构中插入锁。当然,有些数据结构是没有锁的,所以自然这个锁并不一定是必须的。
比如说,我们编写一个多线程堆栈,应该怎么做呢,
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[*]typedef
struct _STACK[*]{[*] void* pData;[*] int maxLen;[*] int top;[*] void* hLock;[*]
[*] STATUS (*push)(struct _STACK* pStack, void* pData);[*] STATUS (*pop)(struct _STACK* pStack, void* pData); [*]}STACK;
(1) 初始化操作
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[*]STACK* get_new_stack(void* pData, int len, void* pLock)[*]{[*] STACK* pStack;[*]
[*] if(NULL == pData || 0 == len)[*] return NULL;[*]
[*] pStack = (STACK*)malloc(sizeof(STACK));[*] assert(NULL != pStack);[*]
[*] memset(pStack, 0, sizeof(STACK));[*] pStack->pData= pData;[*] pStack->maxLen = len;[*]
[*] if(NULL != pLock)[*] pStack->hLock = pLock;[*]
[*] return pStack;[*]}
(2) 添加数据
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[*]STATUS push(struct _STACK* pStack, void* pData, int size)[*]{[*] assert(NULL != pStack && NULL != pData);[*]
[*] if(NULL != pStack->hLock)[*] WaitForSingleObject((HANDLE)pStack->hLock, INFINITE);[*]
[*] if(pStack->top == pStack->maxLen){[*] if(NULL != pStack->hLock)[*] ReleaseMutex((HANDLE)pStack->hLock);[*]
[*] return ERROR;[*] }[*]
[*] memmove((char*)pStack->pData + size * pStack->top, (char*)pData, size);[*] pStack->top ++;[*]
[*] if(NULL != pStack->hLock)[*] ReleaseMutex((HANDLE)pStack->hLock); [*]
[*] return OK;[*]}
(3) 对2进行优化,因为判断的条件比较复杂
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[*]#define STACK_CHECK_LOCK(hLock) \
[*]do{\[*] if(hLock)\[*] WaitForSingleObject((HANDLE)hLock, INFINITE);\[*]}while(0)[*]
[*]#define STACK_CHECK_UNLOCK(hLock) \
[*]do{\[*] if(hLock)\[*] ReleaseMutex((HANDLE)hLock);\[*]}while(0)
所以,2的代码可以修改为,
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[*]STATUS push(struct _STACK* pStack, void* pData, int size)[*]{[*] assert(NULL != pStack && NULL != pData);[*]
[*] STACK_CHECK_LOCK(pStack->hLock);[*]
[*] if(pStack->top == pStack->maxLen){[*] STACK_CHECK_UNLOCK(pStack->hLock);[*] return ERROR;[*] }[*]
[*] memmove((char*)pStack->pData + size * pStack->top, (char*)pData, size);[*] pStack->top ++;[*]
[*] STACK_CHECK_UNLOCK(pStack->hLock); [*] return OK;[*]}
总结:
(1)一般来说,比较好的数据结构要兼有多线程和没有多线程两种情况
(2)如果需要用其他的锁代替mutex,直接换掉就可以,十分方便
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